Natural Quartz

Natural Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms. The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2. Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, behind feldspar. There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semi-precious gemstones.

Since antiquity, varieties of quartz have been the most commonly used minerals in the making of jewellery and hard-stone carvings, especially in Eurasia.